Cloud Computing and various types of Cloud Computing

What is Cloud Computing?

In Cloud Computing, the word cloud is used as a metaphor for the internet, so the phrase cloud computing means services such as services are delivered to organization computers and devices through the internet.

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Cloud Computing is a model for enabling on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly released.
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It basically stores the data, software or other applications on the cloud. Agility for organizations may be improved, as cloud computing may increase user's flexibility with re-provisioning, adding, or expanding technological infrastructure resources.

Cost reductions are claimed by cloud providers. A public-cloud delivery model converts capital expenditures (e.g., buying servers) to operational expenditure. This purportedly lowers barriers to entry, as infrastructure is typically provided by a third party and need not be purchased for one-time or infrequent intensive computing tasks. Pricing on a utility computing basis is "fine-grained", with usage-based billing options. As well, less in-house IT skills are required for the implementation of projects that use cloud computing. The e-FISCAL project's state-of-the-art repository contains several articles looking into cost aspects in more detail, most of them concluding that costs savings depend on the type of activities supported and the type of infrastructure available in-house.

SERVICE MODELS

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

A vendor provides clients pay-as-you-go access to storage, networking, servers and other computing resources in the cloud.

Platform as a service (PaaS)

A service provider offers access to a cloud-based environment in which users can build and deliver applications. The provider supplies underlying infrastructure.

Software as a service (SaaS)

A service provider delivers software and applications through the internet. Users subscribe to the software and access it via the web or vendor APIs.

TYPES OF CLOUD 

• PRIVATE/ INTERNAL CLOUD

          They have a significant physical footprint, requiring allocations of space, hardware, and environmental controls. These assets have to be refreshed periodically, resulting in additional capital expenditures.

• PUBLIC/ EXTERNAL CLOUD

          Public cloud services are free. Technically there may be little or no difference between public and private cloud architecture, however, security consideration may be substantially different for services that are made available by a service provider for a public audience and when communication is effected over a non-trusted network.

MAINTENANCE

Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier because they do not need to be installed on each user's computer and can be accessed from different places (e.g., different work locations, while traveling, etc.).

SECURITY

Security can improve due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc., but concerns can persist about loss of control over certain sensitive data and the lack of security for stored kernels. Security is often as good as or better than other traditional systems, in part because service providers are able to devote resources to solving security issues that many customers cannot afford to tackle or which they lack the technical skills to address. However, the complexity of security is greatly increased when data is distributed over a wider area or over a greater number of devices, as well as in multi-tenant systems shared by unrelated users. In addition, user access to security audit logs may be difficult or impossible. Private cloud installations are in part motivated by users' desire to retain control over the infrastructure and avoid losing control of information security.